WEBVTT

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Hello, my name is Bill Rieke.

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I'm chief of flight operations

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at the NASA Glenn
Research Center.

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This ground icing web site
you've entered has some

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excellent information for pilots
with a wide range of experience.

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For the experienced commercial

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or airline pilot it may just
reinforce the knowledge you have

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acquired over your
years in the cockpit.

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Or, it really could
be very informative

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and expand your knowledge
base in a specific area.

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On the other hand,

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it may actually dispel
some long held theories

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that have been handed
down and accepted

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as gospel for many years.

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For the newer and less
experienced pilot it should be

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looked at as a valuable
reference

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from knowledgeable sources
that could be extremely helpful

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when the 'chips are
down' and 'go,

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no-go' decisions
have to be made.

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Keep in mind, used properly;

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this site has a substantial
amount of information

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on aircraft ground de-icing,
portions of which, are valuable

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for even the most
experienced pilot.

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Remember, don't take off with
ice on the critical portions

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of the aircraft - you may be
lucky and get away with it,

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but even very small
amounts of ice

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on critical surfaces
can be catastrophic.

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Ground application of anti-icing
fluids can protect the aircraft,

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but only for a limited time
that can be VERY limited,

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depending on the type of fluid

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and the atmospheric
conditions at the time.

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ALL fluids will flow off during
some portion of the takeoff roll

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and NONE of them will
protect you in the air.

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Remember, the pilot in command,
is ultimately responsible

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to ensure critical surfaces of
the aircraft are free of ice

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or any kind of frozen
contamination.