A Pilot's Guide to Ground Icing

Module II - Cues

How to tell when you should worry

Section: Detecting Contamination

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Weather reports can be used to help you anticipate frozen contamination on the ground and in the air. If in-flight icing conditions are anticipated, but your aircraft is not certified for flight in icing, delay departure. When you do the preflight walk-around, only a thorough visual and tactile inspection of the aircraft will tell you if you actually have contami-nation, even if you took preventative measures.

As part of the walk-around, look very closely at your aircraft. If it's snowing or raining, an icy wing can look like a wet wing. Run your hand across the surface to help identify whether the contamination is frozen or not. Touch will also help determine if a layer of water has frozen to form a light ice sheet on top, or conceals a layer of ice at the aircraft surface. Look deep inside the intakes, where snow and ice can be hidden from view. If you have a high wing, or high engine intake, use steps or other access equipment to make an adequate inspection.

Tactile inspection of ice contaminated wing
Tactile inspection of ice contaminated wing

You can better detect clear ice with your hands than with your eyes

Pay particular attention to the critical surfaces including the leading edge and top of the wing, the horizontal tail, propeller or engine inlet and fan blades.

The best inspection tools are your eyes and hands.

Tactile inspection of wing by pilot
Tactile inspection and walkaround of aircraft

The best inspection tools are your eyes and hands